Explosive-engine.



J. P. BUH'R.

BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1911.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

c osses is. none; on Diem- 'I-iItICHF-HXN, Assinizon, BY nnsnnASSIG-NMENTfS, To HERMAN'B. Jc'ssrnhisunn, 0F mussels, MICHIGAN.

EZPLKPSIVE-ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Josnen I3. BUHR, ncitizen of the United States of America, rcsiding, at Detroit, in thecounty ollV-sync and State of iiiichigmnhave invented certnin new anduseful improvements in plosi've-Engines, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying(ill-swings.

This invention relates to explosive engines, and more particularly tothe double cylinder two-c cle type, and it has for one of its objects tle provision of an engine of this class in which the. cylinder isscavenged or blown-ontsfter each explosion and before fresh is admittedinto the cylinder.

The invention has, furthermore for its cl ject the provision of-positively-operated valve for controlling the flow of gas into eithercylinder, the organization being such that the piston 01 one cylindercompresses the gas Charge for the other cylinder, the controlling valvebeing furthermore under the influence of a. governor.

Furtheobjects of the invention will hereinafter appear and beparticularly defined in the claims.

The invention has lecn clearly illus' tvited in the accompanyingdrawings, in which similar chars. ters denote similar ports, and inwhich F 1 a frictional section, and illustrates the n'mnner zip; 'ing avernor to the control-valve; and Fig, n. ioi'izontel section on line (i,6 of Fu 1.

Briefly stated,- the coin is of too two cycle type and consists of :1pair of cylin sot side l site and. ctmuected by egosinlet passage whichis interrupted by it roterry valve in e. gas-receiving chamber fromwhich it receives its supply under compression Instead of the usual wayof permitting the compressed gas to enter the cylinder whenever thepressure in the cylinder has dropped enough to permit it, the gas iskept out of the cylinder until the latter has been scavenged by 21. Howof fresh air which is also under compression established in he casing bythe piston movement under the, influence 0% the explosion. The valvetherefore positively driven and so ported that one cylinder compressesthe gas to be used in the other cylinder. The 'gitSC0l11 pressionchamber of the cylinders are also Specification of Blotters Patent.

Apolication filed February 7,1911. Serial No. 807,059.

connected by a direct passage which is normally shut-oil by thecontrol-mlve, butthe letter only be raised by the governor, underexcessive engine-speed, to open this passage so that the compressed gas,or at least a part of it, is simply pumped brick and forth withoutentering the explosion-chz11nhcr of either cylinder.

, Referring now to the drawings, 15, 16 are av pair ofcomprcssion-cylindcrs in which pistons mounted for reciprocation. Theupper portions of the pistons are reduced in diameter, :is at 17, 18 andLire prowi h suitable packing rings so as to col 'titutc piston heads21, .22 for a. pair explosion cylinders 2 Qi'which are prefembly formedin one integral casting pro vided with cooling-jackets.

From the foregoing it will be seen, that each crank operates ndifi'erential piston, the lower portion of which leaves on unnu lzzrchamber in the compression-cylinder, while the upper portion constitutesthe aclive or working piston. As previously stated, the. workingcylinder is scavenged by fresh air under a pressure which is establishedalso by the piston, the latter being" cored out to form a clunnbcr A ofconsiderable length and in open communication at its lower end with thecrank chamber, so that when said piston moves upwerd, fresh air will bedrawn into'thc crank chamber. During the return. or down-strol-re of thepiston, this fresh air will be compressed in the crank chamber and alsowithin a pipe 31 which opens its upper end into the top of the e losioncylinder 23, in uhich the force of the explosion is confined by aspring-arctic uted valve as will be readily understood. As the pistontravels downward under the explosive force, the pressure naturallydecreases, and when this pressure becomes less than that in the air pipe31, fresh air will enter, the cylinder and finally blow out through theexhaust port 33, leaving the li de clean for the reception of a freshsupply of gas which, as has been stated above, is admitted underpressure established by the piston 18 of the other cylinder l6, andcontained within the hollow body of at cylindrical valve 35 which ismounted in a valve chamber 36 and prelera-bly rotated, by gears 37, 38in fixed ratio to the crank-shaft in any convenient munnor.

A supply-pipe has communication with the interiors of thecompression-cylinders 15, 16 the gas being sucked in by the downwardmovement of the pistons. The upward'movement of the pistons compressesthe gas within the cylinders as well as in channels 43, 44 (which leadinto the valve chamber 36 above described) and also within the hollowvalve 35, which has a peripheral inlet port 42, and an outlet port 45.During the rotation of the valve 35, the inlet port 42 is brought intoregister with the channels 43, 44 alternately, while the out-let port 45communicates in a similar manner with conduits 47, 48 but only at a timewhen the inlet port 42 is closed and vice versa, the gas being confinedunder pressure within the valve shell 35 until the cylinder 23 has beenscavenged in the manner above described, whereupon the outlet port 45will admit this gas into the cylinder at a time when its exhaust porthas again been substantially closed by the upward movement of the piston21, so that therefor no waste of gas will occur. In other words: apredetermined quantity of gas is delivered into the engine cylinder eachtime for the reason that the valve 35 and its chamber,

36 constitute in a certain sense a measuring vessel of a certaincapacity and containing gas under a certain compression, as caused bythe piston-movement. Therefore, gas will enter the engine cylinder,until the pressures in cylinder and valve are equalized, whereupon thevalve outlet-port is again shut 0d and the engine piston also shuts offthe cylinder-end of the conduit 47. The same thing occurs in regard tothe engine cylinder 24, the gas for which is compressed by the piston inthe compression cylinder 15 of the other crank.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the gas and air mixtureis as near uniform in its character as it can be obtained, and also thatthe gas will not be released from its confined condition, until theengine cylinder has been exhausted and scavenged with fresh air, all inproperly-timed relation.

Now, inasmuch as the conditions in the atmosphere are variable andtherefore cannot help affecting the quality of themixture, means areprovided whereby the amount of the hydrocarbon gas in the valve chamberand its valve may be set in accordance with these varying conditions,these means consisting of a device whereby the cubic-contents ofthe'measuring chamber, 2'. 6., the

valve chamber and its valve, may be increased or decreased, as is forinstance illus trated in Fig. l, in which the valve chamber is providedwith a false head 50 which may be adjusted vertically by a sleeve 51through which the valve stem passes, and which is connected with anangle lever 52 fulcrumcd at, 53 and'adapted to be secured position on asegment 54. Furthermore, the valve. itself is adapted to beautomatically moved longitudinally of its axis of rotation, in order tomaintain the speed of the engine within certain bounds, by virtue ofvarying the compression of the gas, as follows The ports of the passages43, 44 are in alinement horizontally, so that the lower edge of thevalve may cooperate with the lower edges of these ports to establishmore or less direct communication between the passages, in which case t-e gas which is being compressed by one piston may be permitted to pass,in part, into the compress10n-cham her for the other piston. Hence thegas within the valve and its chamber will be under diiferent states ofcompression and therefore its actual quantity is less when the valve isin its raised position (shown in Fig. 1) than it is in its closed-inposition. In order to preserve proper relationship between the valve andits seat I prefer to cut horizontally-alined ports or slots 35' into thediametrically opposite sides of the valve so that the lower edge of thevalvebody will always remain end-guided in its vertical movement, ascontrolled by a governor G which may be of any suitable or desiredconstruction.

Many changes may be made in the particular construction and organizationof some of the elements of my improved engine, with out departing fromthe spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a gas engine, the combination with an engine cylinder, and apressure-gas supply therefor, of ages-measuring device interposedbetween said cylinder and said supply, and comprising an inclosedchamber of predetermined capacity, and means for connecting said chamberwith the gas-supply and said cylinder, alternately, and means for Iioaryingthereceiving capacity of said cham- 2. In a gas engine, thecombination'with an engine cylinder, and a pressure-gas supply therefor,of a gas-measuring device interposed between said cylinder and saidsupply, and comprising an inclosed chamber of predetermined capacity,and means for connecting said chamber with the gas-supply and saidcylinder alternately, and a' false head movable within said chamber forvarying the receiving capacity of said chamber.

3. The combination with a pair of spaced cylinders, each comprising aworking section and a gas-compressing section, of con duits forconnecting the compression section of one cylinder with the workingsection of the other cylinder, and vice versa, and a device in both ofsaid conduits for completing and interrupting the same alternately, agovernor for moving said device to establlsh direct communicationbetween said commesses 233 pressing sections for contnolling the amountinterrupfiing the same alternately, and means 3,0 of gas passing throughsaid device. for varying the receiving capacity of said 4%. Thecombinationcvith a pair of spaced device. cylinders, each comprising aWorking section In testimony whereof I afiix'my signature and agas-compressing section, of conduits in presence of two Witnesses. forconnecting the compressing section of v JOSEPH F. BUHR. onecylinder-With the working section of the Witnesses: other cylinder, andvice versa, and a device C. R. STICKNEY, in both of said conduits forcompleting and ANNA C. RAVIL'ERY

